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Trial registered on ANZCTR


Registration number
ACTRN12625000958482
Ethics application status
Approved
Date submitted
18/07/2025
Date registered
2/09/2025
Date last updated
2/09/2025
Date data sharing statement initially provided
2/09/2025
Type of registration
Prospectively registered

Titles & IDs
Public title
Loneliness, social isolation and chronic illness: A randomised controlled trial of a remote-delivered psychological treatment for older adults with co-occurring loneliness and chronic illness.
Scientific title
A randomised controlled trial investigating the effect of a remote-delivered psychological treatment on loneliness in older adults with co-occurring loneliness and chronic illness.
Secondary ID [1] 314908 0
Nil known
Universal Trial Number (UTN)
Trial acronym
Linked study record

Health condition
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied:
Rheumatological conditions 338218 0
Diabetes 338219 0
Chronic pain 338220 0
Cardiovascular conditions 338222 0
Respiratory Diseases 338223 0
Osteoporosis 338224 0
Gastrointestinal conditions 338225 0
Cancer 338514 0
Condition category
Condition code
Mental Health 334495 334495 0 0
Anxiety
Mental Health 334496 334496 0 0
Depression
Musculoskeletal 334497 334497 0 0
Other muscular and skeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal 334498 334498 0 0
Osteoporosis
Oral and Gastrointestinal 334499 334499 0 0
Inflammatory bowel disease
Metabolic and Endocrine 334500 334500 0 0
Diabetes
Cancer 334501 334501 0 0
Any cancer
Cardiovascular 334502 334502 0 0
Hypertension

Intervention/exposure
Study type
Interventional
Description of intervention(s) / exposure
In this randomised controlled trial, participants will receive access to an 8-week internet-delivered, psychological course, the Loneliness-enhanced Chronic Conditions Course, which has been adapted specifically for the current study from an existing resource (https://www.ecentreclinic.org/chronic-conditions-course). The Loneliness-enhanced Chronic Conditions Course provides good information and skills for managing the impacts of chronic conditions on people's emotional wellbeing, including feelings of loneliness and social connection.

The Course runs for 8 weeks and consists of:

(a) 5 online lessons with exercises for learning the information and skills. The duration of each lesson is approximately 20 to 30 minutes. Lessons are completed in weeks 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7. Lessons can be viewed in the online platform, or downloaded as PDF files. Lessons are accompanied by lesson worksheets which can be downloaded and/or printed as PDF files. Participants are encouraged to engage with the home-based exercises at a frequency and duration that is helpful for them, though a suggested time commitment of at least 30 minutes each week is encouraged. The first lesson (in week 1) is a introduction and overview of the course, including psycho-education about chronic health conditions, emotional wellbeing, and relationships/social connection. Participants are encouraged to identify their symptoms (e.g. thinking styles, physical symptoms, unhelpful habits) as a home-based exercise. Lesson 2 (week 2) introduces cognitive challenging skills, and participants are encouraged to practice thought challenging in the following two weeks. Lesson 3 (week 4) covers behavioural activation and relaxation strategies to manage mood and anxiety symptoms, and participants are provided with the resources to undertake activity scheduling as a home-based task. Lesson 4 (week 5) introduces activity pacing to manage symptoms such as pain and fatigue, and graded exposure to manage anxiety and avoidance. Following lesson 4, participants are encouraged to attempt activity pacing and/or graded exposure tasks as a home-based exercise. Finally, Lesson 5 (week 7) includes information and strategies relating to relapse prevention, and participants are given materials to help with goal-setting for the future, and also a relapse prevention plan.

(b) Automatic emails that help guide people through the course with frequency of once or twice per week. Examples of these e-mails include; reminders when new lessons are available, congratulatory messages once a lesson has been completed, brief messages that reinforce the core concepts of the lessons, and e-mails inviting contact and encouraging engagement if a participant has not logged in for a while.

(c) Additional Resources (articles in PDF format) developed specifically for this study. These resources provide information about different problems people often struggle with, including managing sleep, working with health professionals, etc.

(d) Case Stories and examples based on previous participants. These case stories are briefly incorporated into each lesson, commonly in the form of worked examples on worksheets, or participants' experiences learning and practicing the skills within the lesson. Additional case stories are example as optional materials that can be accessed by participants at their own discretion, which provide more in-depth information and experiences.

Adherence with the intervention is monitored via the study's secure web platform, which records information such as the number of participant logins, lesson completions; time spent completing each lesson; and number of downloads of additional resources.
Intervention code [1] 331510 0
Behaviour
Intervention code [2] 331513 0
Treatment: Other
Comparator / control treatment
A Waitlist Control Group, who receive delayed access to the Loneliness-enhanced Chronic Conditions Course, at 3-months post-treatment.
Control group
Active

Outcomes
Primary outcome [1] 342185 0
Loneliness
Timepoint [1] 342185 0
Initial assessment, pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement - primary end point), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [1] 449834 0
Social isolation
Timepoint [1] 449834 0
Initial assessment, pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [2] 449835 0
Quality of Life
Timepoint [2] 449835 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [3] 449836 0
Health-related Quality of Life
Timepoint [3] 449836 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [4] 449837 0
Depression
Timepoint [4] 449837 0
Initial assessment, pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [5] 449838 0
Anxiety
Timepoint [5] 449838 0
Initial assessment, pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [6] 449839 0
Social Anxiety
Timepoint [6] 449839 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [7] 449840 0
Disability
Timepoint [7] 449840 0
Initial assessment, pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [8] 449841 0
Daily Functioning
Timepoint [8] 449841 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [9] 449842 0
Pain Intensity
Timepoint [9] 449842 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [10] 449843 0
Fatigue Severity
Timepoint [10] 449843 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [11] 449844 0
Symptom Severity
Timepoint [11] 449844 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [12] 449845 0
Social Support
Timepoint [12] 449845 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [13] 449846 0
Loneliness Automatic Thoughts
Timepoint [13] 449846 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [14] 449847 0
Social Avoidance
Timepoint [14] 449847 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [15] 449848 0
Mental Health Behaviours
Timepoint [15] 449848 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing), mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement), post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement), follow-up (3-months post intervention completion)
Secondary outcome [16] 449850 0
Treatment Expectations
Timepoint [16] 449850 0
Pre-treatment (day 1 prior to intervention commencing)
Secondary outcome [17] 449851 0
Treatment Satisfaction
Timepoint [17] 449851 0
Post-treatment (8-weeks post intervention commencement)
Secondary outcome [18] 449853 0
Anxiety
Timepoint [18] 449853 0
Mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement)
Secondary outcome [19] 449854 0
Depression
Timepoint [19] 449854 0
Mid-treatment (4-weeks post intervention commencement)

Eligibility
Key inclusion criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
(a) Diagnosed with a self-reproted chronic illness (e.g., arthritis, diabetes, chronic pain, asthma)
(b) Clinically interfering loneliness (>=5 on 11-item De Jong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale)
(c) Aged 60 years or older
(d) English speaking
(e) Living in Australia
Minimum age
60 Years
Maximum age
No limit
Sex
Both males and females
Can healthy volunteers participate?
No
Key exclusion criteria
Exclusion Criteria:
(a) Significant mental health or physical health issue that requires immediate attention (e.g., active psychosis, suicidality, acute injury or chest pain)
(b) Significant cognitive impairment (e.g., due to dementia or brain injury)
(c) Physical chronic illness not currently managed by a medical professional
(d) Does not have access to a computer/tablet or the internet

Study design
Purpose of the study
Treatment
Allocation to intervention
Randomised controlled trial
Procedure for enrolling a subject and allocating the treatment (allocation concealment procedures)
Participants apply online via the clinic's website (www.ecentreclinic.org.au). Randomisation will occur prior to application and concealment occurs through the use of locked and concealed cells in a spreadsheet, which recruitment staff are required to open serially.
Methods used to generate the sequence in which subjects will be randomised (sequence generation)
Participants will be randomized using a list generated prior to the study via a software program (www.random.org) using permuted block randomisation.
Masking / blinding
Open (masking not used)
Who is / are masked / blinded?



Intervention assignment
Parallel
Other design features
Phase
Not Applicable
Type of endpoint/s
Efficacy
Statistical methods / analysis
With alpha set at 0.05, power set at 0.80, the study sample size of N = 200 (n = 100 per group) will provide adequate power to enable the detection of a moderate effect size (i.e., Cohen’s d = 0.40) between-group difference in the primary outcome loneliness at post-treatment. However, we aim to recruit more participants to enable investigation of sample and clinical predictors of treatment.

Recruitment
Recruitment status
Not yet recruiting
Date of first participant enrolment
Anticipated
Actual
Date of last participant enrolment
Anticipated
Actual
Date of last data collection
Anticipated
Actual
Sample size
Target
Accrual to date
Final
Recruitment in Australia
Recruitment state(s)
ACT,NSW,NT,QLD,SA,TAS,WA,VIC

Funding & Sponsors
Funding source category [1] 319469 0
Government body
Name [1] 319469 0
NHMRC
Country [1] 319469 0
Australia
Primary sponsor type
University
Name
Macquarie University
Address
Country
Australia
Secondary sponsor category [1] 321960 0
None
Name [1] 321960 0
Address [1] 321960 0
Country [1] 321960 0

Ethics approval
Ethics application status
Approved
Ethics committee name [1] 318043 0
Macquarie University Human Research Ethics Committee Medical Sciences
Ethics committee address [1] 318043 0
Ethics committee country [1] 318043 0
Australia
Date submitted for ethics approval [1] 318043 0
03/06/2025
Approval date [1] 318043 0
17/07/2025
Ethics approval number [1] 318043 0
520251929363156

Summary
Brief summary
Trial website
Trial related presentations / publications
Public notes

Contacts
Principal investigator
Name 142942 0
Prof Blake Dear
Address 142942 0
School of Psychological Sciences, 16 University Avenue, Macquarie University NSW 2109
Country 142942 0
Australia
Phone 142942 0
+61 2 9850 9979
Fax 142942 0
Email 142942 0
Contact person for public queries
Name 142943 0
Blake Dear
Address 142943 0
School of Psychological Sciences, 16 University Avenue, Macquarie University NSW 2109
Country 142943 0
Australia
Phone 142943 0
+61 2 9850 9979
Fax 142943 0
Email 142943 0
Contact person for scientific queries
Name 142944 0
Blake Dear
Address 142944 0
School of Psychological Sciences, 16 University Avenue, Macquarie University NSW 2109
Country 142944 0
Australia
Phone 142944 0
+61 2 9850 9979
Fax 142944 0
Email 142944 0

Data sharing statement
Will the study consider sharing individual participant data?
Yes
Will there be any conditions when requesting access to individual participant data?
Persons/groups eligible to request access:
Researchers working with the approval and under the governance of a Human Research Ethics Committee.

Conditions for requesting access:
Yes, conditions apply:
Requires review on a case-by-case basis by the trial custodian, sponsor or data sharing committee
Requires a scientifically sound proposal or protocol
Requires approval by an ethics committee
Requires a data sharing agreement between data requester and trial custodian or sponsor
What individual participant data might be shared?
Any non-identifiable data necessary to verify the outcomes reported in any published reports by the research team.

What types of analyses could be done with individual participant data?
Any analyses required to verify the outcomes reported in published reports.

When can requests for individual participant data be made (start and end dates)?
From:
Data will be made after all original reports have been published.

To:
No end date
Where can requests to access individual participant data be made, or data be obtained directly?
Email of trial custodian, sponsor or committee: Data will be made available following formal request to the chief investigator using a mechanism that is satisfactory for the Macquarie University Human Research Ethics Committee (providing governance for the current research) and any other Human Research Ethics Committee's involved. Data can be obtained by e-mailing the chief investigator ([email protected])

Are there extra considerations when requesting access to individual participant data?
No


What supporting documents are/will be available?

No Supporting Document Provided


Results publications and other study-related documents

Documents added manually
No documents have been uploaded by study researchers.

Documents added automatically
No additional documents have been identified.