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Trial registered on ANZCTR
Registration number
ACTRN12618001970235
Ethics application status
Approved
Date submitted
3/12/2018
Date registered
5/12/2018
Date last updated
14/11/2019
Date data sharing statement initially provided
5/12/2018
Type of registration
Retrospectively registered
Titles & IDs
Public title
The OPTIMISE project: Collaborative improvement of primary health care delivery to the Australian refugee community
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Scientific title
The OPTIMISE project: Collaborative improvement of primary health care delivery to the Australian refugee community
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Secondary ID [1]
296729
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None
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Universal Trial Number (UTN)
Not applicable
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Trial acronym
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Linked study record
Not applicable
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Health condition
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied:
Refugee health
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Primary health care
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Condition category
Condition code
Public Health
309310
309310
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0
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Health service research
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Intervention/exposure
Study type
Interventional
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Description of intervention(s) / exposure
Procedures: a primary care practice based quality improvement intervention built on the principles of outreach practice facilitation where an experienced, external change agent visits the practice to provide support in change management that targets improvements in the delivery of evidence based care to patients.
Who: a refugee health fellow or refugee health nurse with extensive experience in refugee health matters
Mode of delivery: face to face and phone/email
Intervention: each practice will receive a minimum of 6 contacts with the practice facilitator. This includes 3x 1 hour face to face visits and 3 phone calls over the 6 month intervention period. Visits will be in months 1, 3 and 5; phone calls will be made in months 2, 4 and 6.
Location: Primary care practice
Materials: Evidence based guidelines for refugee health (Victorian Refugee Health Network, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases and others) with a focus on refugee identification, interpreter use, conduct of comprehensive health assessments and referral.
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Intervention code [1]
313040
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Other interventions
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Comparator / control treatment
All practices will receive the intervention (see above).
Recruited practices will undergo blinded, stratified random allocation into either the early or late intervention group using a minimization procedure.
Early group practices will start receiving the intervention immediately after recruitment. Late group practices will start the intervention 6-months after the date of completing the initial baseline data collection i.e. once the early group practices have completed the intervention.
Each group will serve as a control for the other.
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Control group
Active
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Outcomes
Primary outcome [1]
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Change in the documented rate of completion of a health assessment within the past 12 months.
This outcome will be measured using the electronic chart audit data to determine the proportion of eligible (within 12 months of arrival in Australia) refugee background patients whose records indicate billing for MBS items 701, 703, 705 or 707).
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Assessment method [1]
308272
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Timepoint [1]
308272
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Pre intervention, post intervention, 6 month follow up
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Secondary outcome [1]
354490
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Change in the proportion of refugee patients with records with recorded refugee status (country of birth, ethnicity)
This outcome will be measured using the electronic chart audit data to determine the proportion of patients with at least one visit to the practice in the preceding two years who have either a country of birth or ethnicity and year of arrival corresponding to a recent humanitarian source country (as defined by the Department of Immigration and Border Protection Settlement Reporting Facility) OR have the term refugee or asylum seeker noted in their record.
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Assessment method [1]
354490
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Timepoint [1]
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Pre intervention, post intervention, 6 month follow up
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Secondary outcome [2]
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Change in proportion of refugee patient consultations with documented use of credentialed interpreter, where one was required
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Assessment method [2]
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Timepoint [2]
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Pre intervention, post intervention, 6 month follow up
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Secondary outcome [3]
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Change in practice staff knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards referring refugee patients to external health and welfare services for which their refugee patients are eligible.
This is a composite secondary outcome and will be determined using practice staff responses to survey questions on (i) use of established referral pathways, (ii) knowledge of bulk billing and/or bilingual secondary health services and (iii) difficulty identifying suitable services for clients with complex health or social welfare needs,
Surveys were designed specifically for the study.
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Assessment method [3]
354494
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Timepoint [3]
354494
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Pre intervention, post intervention
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Eligibility
Key inclusion criteria
To be eligible, primary care practices will:
• Be located in the identified priority catchment areas;
• Provide general primary care services including private (solo, group or corporate practices) or public community health centres;
• Plan to be in operation for at least the next two years without substantial change to governance or management;
• Be using electronic medical records and billing software compatible with PENCS CAT4™ de-identified data extraction software, namely Best Practice and Medical Director;
• Be willing to see patients of refugee background;
• Have at least 50% of GPs willing to participate in a practice facilitation intervention;
• Have no objection from other staff at the practice to the practice facilitation intervention or a de-identified medical record audit;
To be eligible, primary care practice staff will be: aged over 18 years, fluent in English and willing to see patients from a refugee background.
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Minimum age
18
Years
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Maximum age
No limit
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Sex
Both males and females
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Can healthy volunteers participate?
Yes
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Key exclusion criteria
• Have participated in an intensive practice facilitation intervention to improve refugee primary care in the last 12 months.
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Study design
Purpose of the study
Educational / counselling / training
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Allocation to intervention
Randomised controlled trial
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Procedure for enrolling a subject and allocating the treatment (allocation concealment procedures)
Allocation was concealed through central randomisation by the project bio-statistician (see below for details)
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Methods used to generate the sequence in which subjects will be randomised (sequence generation)
Following recruitment into the study practices will undergo blinded, stratified random
allocation into either the early or late intervention group using a minimization procedure.
To ensure that study groups are similar, practices will be stratified based on Region (1, 2, 3)
and Practice size (less than 5 full-time equivalent general practitioners or more than 5 full-time equivalent general practitioners). Minimisation was chosen as the allocation of a recruited practice can be determined shortly after recruitment, and it has the advantage of making small groups closely similar in terms of characteristics at all stages of the study.
A research team member who was not in contact with practices for recruitment or data
collection and blind to the identity of the practices will use minim software in a dos emulator to randomise by the method of minimisation. Wherever possible, batches (of two or more practices), will randomised at the same time.
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Masking / blinding
Open (masking not used)
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Who is / are masked / blinded?
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Intervention assignment
Other
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Other design features
Practices were allocated to either the immediate start group or late start group. Groups act as controls for each other.
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Phase
Not Applicable
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Type of endpoint/s
Efficacy
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Statistical methods / analysis
Changes in practice performance relating to primary outcome measures will be assessed between early and late intervention practice groups using multilevel mixed effects models. Changes in provider and practice scores between early and late intervention groups will be assessed for clustering, and if not significant will be further explored through uni-level multivariate methods (e.g. logistic regression to investigate factors affecting the proportion of consultations with interpreter use). However, if practice-level clustering is indicated, then the mixed models will include a cluster-specific random effect to deal with clustering at the practice level. The independent variables will be intervention (1=early, 0=late) and time (0=baseline, 1=6 months, 2=12 months, 3=18 months). Provider and practice level covariates thought to influence outcomes will be included to adjust for baseline differences between the two groups.
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Recruitment
Recruitment status
Completed
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Date of first participant enrolment
Anticipated
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Actual
6/09/2017
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Date of last participant enrolment
Anticipated
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Actual
5/02/2018
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Date of last data collection
Anticipated
1/08/2019
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Actual
25/09/2019
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Sample size
Target
36
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Accrual to date
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Final
36
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Recruitment in Australia
Recruitment state(s)
NSW,VIC
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Funding & Sponsors
Funding source category [1]
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Government body
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Name [1]
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National Health and Medical Research Council
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Address [1]
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Level 1, 16 Marcus Clarke Street Canberra ACT 2601
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Country [1]
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Australia
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Primary sponsor type
University
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Name
Southern Academic Primary Care Research Unit, Department of General Practice, Monash University
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Address
Level 1, Building 1, 270 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill VIC 3168
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Country
Australia
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Secondary sponsor category [1]
301014
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University
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Name [1]
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Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, The University of New South Wales
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Address [1]
301014
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Level 3, AGSM Building
University of New South Wales Australia
Sydney NSW 2052
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Country [1]
301014
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Australia
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Secondary sponsor category [2]
301015
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University
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Name [2]
301015
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Australian Institute for Primary Care & Ageing , La Trobe University
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Address [2]
301015
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Level 1
Health Sciences Building 1
La Trobe University
Melbourne Campus (Bundoora)
Victoria 3086 Australia
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Country [2]
301015
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Australia
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Ethics approval
Ethics application status
Approved
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Ethics committee name [1]
302006
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Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee
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Ethics committee address [1]
302006
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Wellington Rd, Clayton VIC 3800
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Ethics committee country [1]
302006
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Australia
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Date submitted for ethics approval [1]
302006
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12/07/2017
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Approval date [1]
302006
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18/08/2017
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Ethics approval number [1]
302006
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2017-10086
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Ethics committee name [2]
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Monash Health Human Research Ethics Committee
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Ethics committee address [2]
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246 Clayton Rd, Clayton VIC 3168
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Ethics committee country [2]
302051
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Australia
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Date submitted for ethics approval [2]
302051
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24/08/2017
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Approval date [2]
302051
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27/09/2017
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Ethics approval number [2]
302051
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LNR/17/MonH/411
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Ethics committee name [3]
302052
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South West Sydney Local Hospital District Human Research Ethics Committee
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Ethics committee address [3]
302052
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13 Elizabeth St, Liverpool NSW 2170
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Ethics committee country [3]
302052
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Australia
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Date submitted for ethics approval [3]
302052
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15/09/2017
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Approval date [3]
302052
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03/10/2017
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Ethics approval number [3]
302052
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LNR/17/Lpool/391
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Ethics committee name [4]
302053
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La Trobe University Human Research Ethics Committee
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Ethics committee address [4]
302053
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Plenty Rd & Kingsbury Dr, Bundoora VIC 3086
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Ethics committee country [4]
302053
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Australia
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Date submitted for ethics approval [4]
302053
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27/07/2017
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Approval date [4]
302053
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18/08/2017
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Ethics approval number [4]
302053
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S17-138
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Summary
Brief summary
Abstract: Background: Australia is one of many nations struggling with the challenges of delivering quality primary health care (PHC) to an increasing number of refugees. OPTIMISE is a project that builds on the collaboration of 12 organisations involved in delivering PHC to refugees. This trial relates to an outreach facilitation based quality improvement intervention, directed towards improving the quality of PHC received by refugees within Australian general practices. Methods: Our mixed methods study involves a quasi-experimental design and is set in 3 regions of high refugee resettlement in Australia. We began by creating Regional Partnerships Teams (RPTs) consisting of policy advisors, clinicians, academics, health service managers and community members. Following a regional needs assessment, stakeholders participated in a deliberative process to reach consensus on four core areas for the general practice based intervention. These were: recording of refugee status; use of interpreters; conduction of comprehensive health assessments and timely referral to refugee specialised services. The intervention involves training expert refugee health staff in outreach facilitation techniques enabling them to engage primary care practices in quality improvement activities. Facilitators will aid practices to identify and address gaps in current routines relating to the four core areas. We aim to recruit 36 general practices with no prior involvement in a refugee health focused practice facilitation. Practices will be randomly allocated into early and late intervention groups. The primary outcomes will be changes related to the four core areas identified. Changes in practice performance relating to these outcome measures will be evaluated using multilevel mixed effects models. Quantitative collection will comprise of (i) a provider survey (ii) two practice surveys: one documenting internal systems of the practice; the other assessing the practice’s current approaches to delivery of care to refugees; and (iii) de-identified data from medical records. Data collection time points are baseline, post-intervention and at 6 months follow up. Qualitative data collection includes semi-structured interviews with intervention participants, reflective diaries and document analysis. Discussion: OPTIMISE will test whether a regionally oriented practice facilitation initiative can improve the quality of PHC delivered to our vulnerable refugee population. Findings have the potential to influence policy and practice in other primary care settings.
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Trial website
https://www.optimise-partnership-project.com/
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Trial related presentations / publications
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Public notes
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Contacts
Principal investigator
Name
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Prof Grant Russell
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Address
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Southern Academic Primary Care Research Unit,
Department of General Practice,
Monash University
Building 1, 270 Ferntree Gully Rd
Notting Hill VIC 3168
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Country
88830
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Australia
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Phone
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+61 3 9902 4509
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Fax
88830
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Email
88830
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grant.russell@monash.edu
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Contact person for public queries
Name
88831
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Grant Russell
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Address
88831
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Southern Academic Primary Care Research Unit,
Department of General Practice,
Monash University
Building 1, 270 Ferntree Gully Rd
Notting Hill VIC 3168
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Country
88831
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Australia
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Phone
88831
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+61 3 9902 4509
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Fax
88831
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Email
88831
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grant.russell@monash.edu
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Contact person for scientific queries
Name
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Grant Russell
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Address
88832
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Southern Academic Primary Care Research Unit,
Department of General Practice,
Monash University
Building 1, 270 Ferntree Gully Rd
Notting Hill VIC 3168
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Country
88832
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Australia
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Phone
88832
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+61 3 9902 4509
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Fax
88832
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Email
88832
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grant.russell@monash.edu
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Data sharing statement
Will individual participant data (IPD) for this trial be available (including data dictionaries)?
No
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No/undecided IPD sharing reason/comment
Ethical approval not obtained.
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What supporting documents are/will be available?
No Supporting Document Provided
Doc. No.
Type
Citation
Link
Email
Other Details
Attachment
5684
Study protocol
Russell, G., Gunatillaka, N., Lewis, V. et al. The OPTIMISE project: protocol for a mixed methods, pragmatic, quasi-experimental trial to improve primary care delivery to refugees in Australia. BMC Health Serv Res 19, 396 (2019) doi:10.1186/s12913-019-4235-6
https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-019-4235-6
Results publications and other study-related documents
Documents added manually
No documents have been uploaded by study researchers.
Documents added automatically
No additional documents have been identified.
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